Risk Calculator For Ckd

Kidney Failure Risk Equation (4-variable):

\[ Risk = 1 - 0.924^{exp(0.2201 \times (age/10 - 7.036) - 0.4510 \times (eGFR/5 - 7.036) + 0.2467 \times (male - 0.5642) + 0.5567 \times (uACR - 2.618))} \]

Age:

years

eGFR:

mL/min/1.73m²

Gender:

uACR:

mg/mmol

5-Year Kidney Failure Risk:

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1. What is the Kidney Failure Risk Equation?

The Kidney Failure Risk Equation (KFRE) is a validated tool that predicts the 2- and 5-year risk of kidney failure in patients with chronic kidney disease. The 4-variable model uses age, eGFR, gender, and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) to estimate risk.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the 4-variable KFRE equation:

\[ Risk = 1 - 0.924^{exp(0.2201 \times (age/10 - 7.036) - 0.4510 \times (eGFR/5 - 7.036) + 0.2467 \times (male - 0.5642) + 0.5567 \times (uACR - 2.618))} \]

Where:

\( age \) — Age in years
\( eGFR \) — Estimated glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73m²)
\( male \) — 1 for male, 0 for female
\( uACR \) — Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (mg/mmol, log-transformed)

Explanation: The equation calculates the 5-year probability of reaching end-stage kidney disease requiring dialysis or transplantation.

3. Importance of Kidney Failure Risk Assessment

Details: Accurate risk prediction helps clinicians identify high-risk patients who may benefit from more intensive management, earlier nephrology referral, and preparation for renal replacement therapy.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter age in years, eGFR in mL/min/1.73m², select gender, and uACR in mg/mmol. All values must be valid (age between 18-120, eGFR > 0, uACR ≥ 0).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Who should use this calculator?
A: This calculator is intended for adults (18+ years) with established chronic kidney disease (CKD stages 3-5).

Q2: What is considered a high risk?
A: Generally, a 5-year risk >3-5% is considered high and may warrant nephrology referral.

Q3: How accurate is the KFRE?
A: The KFRE has been validated in multiple populations and demonstrates good discrimination (C-statistic ~0.90) for predicting kidney failure.

Q4: Are there limitations to this equation?
A: The equation may be less accurate in certain populations such as those with polycystic kidney disease, recent acute kidney injury, or rapidly changing kidney function.

Q5: Should treatment decisions be based solely on KFRE results?
A: No, the KFRE should be used as part of a comprehensive clinical assessment alongside other factors and professional judgment.